A network of mines on a Japanese island infamous for using conscripted wartime labor was yesterday added to UNESCO’s World Heritage register after South Korea dropped earlier objections to its listing.
The Sado gold and silver mines, a popular tourist attraction, are believed to have started operating as early as the 12th century and produced until after World War II.
Japan had put a case for World Heritage listing because of their lengthy history and the artisanal mining techniques used there when European mines had turned to mechanization.
Photo: AFP
The proposal was opposed by Seoul when it was first put because of the use of involuntary Korean labor during World War II, when Japan occupied the Korean peninsula.
UNESCO yesterday confirmed the listing of the mines at its ongoing committee meeting in New Delhi after a bid highlighting its archeological preservation of “mining activities and social and labor organization.”
“I would like to wholeheartedly welcome the inscription ... and pay sincere tribute to the long-standing efforts of the local people which made this possible,” Japanese Minister of Foreign Affairs Yoko Kamikawa said in a statement.
The World Heritage effort was years in the making, inspired in part by the successful recognition of a silver mine in western Japan’s Shimane Prefecture.
The South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs said it had agreed to the listing “on the condition that Japan faithfully implements the recommendation ... to reflect the ‘full history’ at the Sado Gold Mine site and takes proactive measures to that end.”
Historians have said that recruitment conditions at the mine effectively amounted to forced labor, and that Korean workers faced significantly harsher conditions than their Japanese counterparts.
“Discrimination did exist,” Toyomi Asano, a professor of history of Japanese politics at Tokyo’s Waseda University, said in 2022. “Their working conditions were very bad and dangerous. The most dangerous jobs were allocated to them.”
Also added to the list was the Beijing Central Axis, a collection of former imperial palaces and gardens in the Chinese capital.
The UNESCO committee meeting runs until Wednesday.
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