Ethiopia has struck a “historic” agreement to use the main port in Somalia’s breakaway region of Somaliland, as the landlocked nation seeks more access to sea channels for shipping, officials said on Monday.
The deal on Somaliland’s Berbera port comes months after Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed said his nation, Africa’s second-most populous, would assert its right to access the Red Sea, sparking concerns among its neighbors.
On the southern coast of the Gulf of Aden, Berbera offers an African base at the gateway to the Red Sea and further north to the Suez canal. The memorandum of understanding between Ethiopia and Somaliland was signed by Abiy and Somaliland President Muse Bihi Abdi in Addis Ababa, Abiy’s office said.
Photo: Reuters
The agreement “shall pave the way to realize the aspiration of Ethiopia to secure access to the sea and diversify its access to seaport,” the office wrote on social media. “It also strengthens their security, economic and political partnership.”
Ethiopian National Security Adviser Redwan Hussein said the nation would have access to a leased military base on the Red Sea as part of the agreement.
“A step ahead in the right direction for the this and generations to come,” Redwan wrote on social media.
It was not clear when the pact would take effect.
Ethiopia was cut off from the coast after Eritrea seceded from the nation and declared independence in 1993 following a three-decade war.
Addis Ababa had maintained access to a port in Eritrea until the two nations went to war between 1998 and 2000, and since then Ethiopia funnels most of its trade through Djibouti.
Abiy in a televised speech in October last year had said that Ethiopia “is a nation whose existence was tied to the Red Sea” and that it needed access to a port.
The remarks sparked concerns among regional observers, particularly against a backdrop of apparent tensions with Eritrea, but Abiy sought to alleviate the fears and vowed in November not to invade any neighboring nation, while insisting that his government would not abandon its demand for port access.
Ethiopia’s economy has been constrained by its lack of access to the Red Sea.
Ethiopia in 2018 acquired a 19 percent stake in Berbera port, according to DP World, which manages the port’s operations.
The company itself holds a 51 percent stake, while Somaliland has the remaining 30 percent.
Somaliland has a long coastline on the Gulf of Aden. It prints its own currency, issues its own passports and elects its own government, but its quest for statehood has mostly gone unrecognized internationally. It established diplomatic ties with Taiwan in 2020.
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