Himalayan glaciers providing water to nearly 2 billion people are melting faster than ever before, exposing communities to unpredictable and costly disasters, scientists said yesterday.
The glaciers retreated 65 percent faster from 2011 to 2020 compared with the previous decade, a report by the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) said.
“As it gets warmer, ice will melt, that was expected, but what is unexpected and very worrying is the speed,” lead author Philippus Wester told reporters. “This is going much faster than we thought.”
Photo: AFP
Glaciers in the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) region are a water source for about 240 million people in the mountainous regions, as well as for another 1.65 billion people in the river valleys below, the report said.
Based on current emissions trajectories, the glaciers could lose up to 80 percent of their current volume by the end of the century, said the Nepal-based ICIMOD, an inter-governmental organization that also includes member countries Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar and Pakistan.
The glaciers feed 10 of the world’s most important river systems, including the Ganges, Indus, Yellow, Mekong and Irrawaddy, and directly or indirectly supply billions of people with food, energy, clean air and income.
“With 2 billion people in Asia reliant on the water that glaciers and snow here hold, the consequences of losing this cryosphere [frozen zone] are too vast to contemplate,” ICIMOD deputy chief executive Izabella Koziell said.
Even if global warming is limited to the 1.5°C to 2°C from pre-industrial levels agreed to in the Paris climate treaty, the glaciers are expected to lose one-third to a half of their volume by 2100, the report said.
“It underscores the need for urgent climate action,” Wester said. “Every small increment will have huge impacts and we really, really need to work on climate mitigation ... that is our plea.”
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