Many patients with certain types of cancers suffer from damage to their blood cells due to the cancer itself or treatments like chemotherapy. To help rebuild healthy blood cells, patients often receive bone marrow transplants by using either pluripotent or hematopoietic stem cells.
A bone marrow or stem cell transplant can speed up recovery and boost healthy blood cell production. There are primarily two types of bone marrow transplants: autologous and allogeneic. The former involves using the patient’s own stem cells, while the latter uses stem cells from a matching donor, usually a relative with a compatible human leukocyte antigen (HLA) type. If someone doesn’t have a close relative with a matching type, there are registries for doctors to seek suitable donors.
Nearly anyone can sign up to become a donor. If a person is matched as a suitable donor after joining a registry, they will undergo a minimally invasive procedure to collect their stem cells mainly through either of the following methods.
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某些癌症的許多患者都因癌症本身或像是化療等療法而致使血球遭受破壞。為了幫助重建健康的血球，患者往往會接受骨髓移植，而骨髓移植是使用多功能幹細胞或是造血幹細胞。
骨髓移植（或稱幹細胞移植）能夠加速復原，並促進健康血球的生長。主要有兩種骨髓移植：自體移植和異體移植。前者涉及使用患者自身的幹細胞，後者則使用配對成功之捐贈者的幹細胞，捐贈者通常是人類白血球抗原（HLA）類型相符的親戚。如果沒有相符類型的近親，那麼還有登錄名冊可供醫生搜尋適合的捐贈者。
幾乎任何人都可以登記成為捐贈者。如果有人在登記後被配對為適合的捐贈者，就會進行微創手術來收集其幹細胞，主要是透過下列兩種方法其中之一。
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Words in Use
1. recovery n. 康復，恢復
Helen made a full recovery from the operation. 海倫從手術中完全恢復了。
2. donor n. 捐贈者 / donation n. 捐獻，捐贈
We need AB blood donors urgently because a patient’s life is at stake.
我們急需AB型捐血人，因為有一名病人的性命垂危。
Many patients benefit greatly from organ donation. 許多病患受益於器官捐贈。
3. compatible a. 相容的
The new software is compatible with our computer system. 這款新軟體與我們的電腦系統相容。
Practical Phrases
1. suffer from... 遭受……之苦；罹患……（疾病）
Walter is suffering from an upset stomach because he ate some expired food.
華特因為吃了一些過期食品所以腸胃不適。
Fred has suffered from a rare heart disease his entire life. 弗萊德終生罹患一種罕見的心臟疾病。
2. speed up... / speed... up 加快……（速度）
Our factory will have to speed up production to meet consumer demand.
我們工廠將必須加速生產，以滿足顧客需求。
To be continued tomorrow（明日待續）
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本文出自常春藤解析英語雜誌: www.ivy.com.tw
Have you ever dreamed of using an entire city as your training ground, effortlessly moving across walls, buildings, stairs, and obstacles? This is not just a fantasy from the movies. In cities around the world, a group of enthusiasts practice this seemingly impossible sport — “parkour.” The origins of parkour can be traced back to 20th-century France. A military officer named Georges-Hebert witnessed the incredible physical abilities of local residents in Africa, which inspired him to create the Methode Naturelle, or natural method. This training method cleverly combined climbing, running, and swimming with artificial barriers to mimic nature. Later, David Belle
Street lights are often taken for granted until a power outage plunges the world into darkness. When that happens, the value of these lighting installations becomes evident as the world turns into a more dangerous place for pedestrians and motorists alike. The Chinese could claim to be the first to have constructed a crude type of street light. Around 500 BC, residents of Beijing employed a type of street lamp that used hollow bamboo pipes and natural gas vents to create burning torches. Later, ancient Romans adopted lamps fueled by vegetable oil, which relied on slaves to light and
A: Who else is on Billboard’s list: “The 25 greatest pop stars of the 21st Century?” B: No. 15 to 6 are: Miley Cyrus, Justin Timberlake, Nicki Minaj, Eminem, Usher, Adele, Ariana Grande, Justin Bieber, Kanye West and Britney Spears. A: I can’t believe that Adele’s only at No. 10. B: No. 5 to 1 are: Lady Gaga, Drake, Rihanna, Taylor Swift and Beyonce. A: Well, they surely deserve the honor. A: 《告示牌》雜誌的「21世紀最偉大的25位流行歌手」，還有誰上榜啊？ B: 第15至6名是：麥莉希拉、大賈斯汀、妮姬米娜、阿姆、亞瑟小子、愛黛兒、亞莉安娜、小賈斯汀、肯伊威斯特、小甜甜布蘭妮。 A: 真不敢相信愛黛兒只排第10名。 B: 第5至1名是：女神卡卡、德瑞克、蕾哈娜、泰勒絲、碧昂絲。 A: 這幾位真是實至名歸！ （By Eddy Chang, Taipei Times／台北時報張聖恩）
A: The 21st Century is now entering its 25th year. B: So Billboard has released a list: “The 25 greatest pop stars of the 21st Century.” A: Who are the greatest pop singers? B: No. 25 to 16 are: Katy Perry, Ed Sheeran, Bad Bunny, One Direction, Lil Wayne, Bruno Mars, BTS, The Weeknd, Shakira and Jay-Z. A: Wow, my favorite K-pop supergroup BTS has made it to the list. A: 21世紀正在邁入第25個年頭了。 B: 《告示牌》雜誌特別公布：「21世紀最偉大的25位流行歌手」。 A: 最偉大的歌手有哪些？ B: 第25至16名是：凱蒂佩芮、紅髮艾德、壞痞兔、1世代、小韋恩、火星人布魯諾、防彈少年團（BTS）、威肯、夏奇拉、Jay-Z。 A: 哇，我最愛的韓流天團BTS也上榜了！ （By Eddy Chang, Taipei Times／台北時報張聖恩）
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