Unfortunately, Mount Merapi also poses a serious threat to those who live nearby. Over the past 500 years, it __2__ numerous times, most recently in 1976, 2010, and 2023. Most of these eruptions featured huge pyroclastic flows, which are clouds of superheated gases and solid particles that __3__ everything in their path.
These pyroclastic flows have caused great destruction to the area and killed thousands of people and animals. Other __4__ related to Mount Merapi include ash fall, lava flows, and earthquakes. The eruption of Mount Merapi in 2023 was one of the most explosive and violent in its history. Lasting for several months, it affected more than two million people and forced many to leave the area. __5__ being an important cultural and spiritual symbol of the people of Java, Mount Merapi is also the greatest threat that local people face. This reminds us that when we enjoy what nature offers us, we should also be respectful of its power.
不幸的是，默拉皮火山也對附近居民構成嚴重威脅。過去的五百年來，它多次噴發，最近的幾次分別是在1976年、2010和2023年。其中大多數噴發都伴隨著巨大的火山碎屑流，它們是超高溫氣體和固體顆粒的雲狀物，摧毀其所到之處的一切。這些火山碎屑流嚴重破壞了該地區，並造成數以千計的人和動物死亡。其他與默拉皮火山相關的危害還包括火山灰沉降、熔岩流和地震。
Photo: AdobeStock I 照片： AdobeStock
2023年的默拉皮火山噴發是其歷史上最具爆炸性和破壞性的噴發之一。它持續數月，影響了兩百多萬人，並迫使許多人離開該地區。儘管默拉皮火山是爪哇人民重要的文化和精神象徵，卻也是當地居民面臨的最大威脅。這提醒我們，當我們享受大自然帶給我們的一切時，也應該尊重其力量。
What Did You Learn?
What Did You Learn?
Photo: AdobeStock I 照片： AdobeStock
1. (A) room for (B) home to (C) suitable for (D) loyal to
2. (A) has erupted (B) might erupt
(C) will have erupted (D) should have erupted
3. (A) reserve (B) maintain (C) destroy
(D) strengthen
4. (A) milestones (B) specialties (C) fractions (D) hazards
5. (A) Rather than (B) Unlike (C) Except for (D) Despite
參考答案
1. (B)
2. (A)
3. (C)
4. (D)
5. (D)
Word in Use
. volcano n. 火山
（複數形為volcanos或volcanoes）
The town was evacuated before the volcano erupted.
該小鎮在火山爆發前被撤離了。
5. inhabitant n. 居民
My ancestry can be traced back to the early inhabitants of this island.
我的祖先可以追溯到這座島上的早期居民。
Practical Phrases
2. be respectful of... 尊敬……
You should always be respectful of your grandparents.
你永遠都該尊敬著祖父母。
聽文章朗讀及講解: https://ivy.pse.is/455bfu
本文出自常春藤解析英語雜誌: www.ivy.com.tw
Street lights are often taken for granted until a power outage plunges the world into darkness. When that happens, the value of these lighting installations becomes evident as the world turns into a more dangerous place for pedestrians and motorists alike. The Chinese could claim to be the first to have constructed a crude type of street light. Around 500 BC, residents of Beijing employed a type of street lamp that used hollow bamboo pipes and natural gas vents to create burning torches. Later, ancient Romans adopted lamps fueled by vegetable oil, which relied on slaves to light and
A: Who else is on Billboard’s list: “The 25 greatest pop stars of the 21st Century?” B: No. 15 to 6 are: Miley Cyrus, Justin Timberlake, Nicki Minaj, Eminem, Usher, Adele, Ariana Grande, Justin Bieber, Kanye West and Britney Spears. A: I can’t believe that Adele’s only at No. 10. B: No. 5 to 1 are: Lady Gaga, Drake, Rihanna, Taylor Swift and Beyonce. A: Well, they surely deserve the honor. A: 《告示牌》雜誌的「21世紀最偉大的25位流行歌手」，還有誰上榜啊？ B: 第15至6名是：麥莉希拉、大賈斯汀、妮姬米娜、阿姆、亞瑟小子、愛黛兒、亞莉安娜、小賈斯汀、肯伊威斯特、小甜甜布蘭妮。 A: 真不敢相信愛黛兒只排第10名。 B: 第5至1名是：女神卡卡、德瑞克、蕾哈娜、泰勒絲、碧昂絲。 A: 這幾位真是實至名歸！ （By Eddy Chang, Taipei Times／台北時報張聖恩）
A: The 21st Century is now entering its 25th year. B: So Billboard has released a list: “The 25 greatest pop stars of the 21st Century.” A: Who are the greatest pop singers? B: No. 25 to 16 are: Katy Perry, Ed Sheeran, Bad Bunny, One Direction, Lil Wayne, Bruno Mars, BTS, The Weeknd, Shakira and Jay-Z. A: Wow, my favorite K-pop supergroup BTS has made it to the list. A: 21世紀正在邁入第25個年頭了。 B: 《告示牌》雜誌特別公布：「21世紀最偉大的25位流行歌手」。 A: 最偉大的歌手有哪些？ B: 第25至16名是：凱蒂佩芮、紅髮艾德、壞痞兔、1世代、小韋恩、火星人布魯諾、防彈少年團（BTS）、威肯、夏奇拉、Jay-Z。 A: 哇，我最愛的韓流天團BTS也上榜了！ （By Eddy Chang, Taipei Times／台北時報張聖恩）
Spoiler alert and shift blame 破梗&甩鍋 在新冠疫情期間，無論是因為封城 (lockdown) 還是居家隔離 (self-isolation at home)，人們關在家中使用網路的時間大增。這也讓一些原本只存在於網路論壇的用語廣為普及。我們來談一下破梗 (spoiler alert) 與甩鍋 (shift blame) 這兩個用語。 有位古典文學教授 Joel Christensen 針對領導統御與疫情控制寫了一篇以古喻今、相當深入的文章：“Plagues follow bad leadership in ancient Greek tales”，文中出現一些講法，可用來翻譯上述的流行語： In the 5th century B.C., the playwright Sophocles begins Oedipus Tyrannos with the title character struggling to identify the cause of a plague striking his city, Thebes. (Spoiler alert: It’s his own bad leadership.) (Joel Christensen, “Plagues follow bad leadership in ancient Greek tales,” The Conversation, March 12, 2020) 作者提到 Oedipus（伊底帕斯）想找出瘟疫何以降臨他的城邦的緣由，加了一句：Spoiler alert: It’s his own bad leadership.（破梗：領導無方）。Spoiler alert 就是「破梗」，如果用在有人洩漏電影劇情的情境中，也可以翻作「小心爆雷」或「劇透警告」。疫情之下，在家看影集、電影成了很多人的娛樂，但要小心劇透 (spoilers)，很多 YouTube 上的影評在開頭也都會說 Spoiler alert!，警告還沒看過電影的觀眾小心爆雷、劇透。 至於「甩鍋」，源自大陸網民用語，通常意指某人犯了錯之後想推卸責任、轉移焦點、甚至讓別人背黑鍋的做法。疫情爆發後，相關網路資訊量爆增，許多中國網民也想找人為這場疫情負責，紛紛呼籲地方政府首長、地方黨書記不要「甩鍋」。 其實，在古代文學《奧德賽》中，就有「將自己的責任怪罪眾神」的說法，試用時下流行的「甩鍋」來重新翻譯： Humans are always blaming the gods for their suffering, but they experience
RSS