對話 Dialogue
清清：就快立冬了，意思就是冬天要來了！
Qīngqing: Jiù kuài Lìdōng le, yìsi jiùshì dōngtiān yào láile!
Photo courtesy of Wikimedia commons / 照片：Wikimedia commons 提供
華華：不過在台灣11月都還不怎麼冷，就好像一直在過秋天一樣。
Huáhua: Búguò zài Táiwān 11 yuè dōu háibù zěnme lěng, jiù hǎoxiàng yìzhí zài guò qiūtiān yíyàng.
清清：可是在立冬那天，該進補的還是要進補，這是一種儀式感。
Qīngqing: Kěshì zài Lìdōng nàtiān, gāi jìnbǔ de háishì yào jìnbǔ, zhè shì yì zhǒng yíshìgǎn.
華華：哈哈哈！那你打算吃什麼？薑母鴨、麻油雞、燒酒雞、羊肉爐還是藥燉排骨？
Huáhua: Hāhāhā! Nà nǐ dǎsuàn chī shénme? Jiāngmǔyā, máyóujī, shāojiǔjī, yángròu lú háishì yàodùnpáigǔ?
清清：我不能吃薑母鴨，我對鴨過敏。可能吃麻油雞吧！我喜歡吃雞，但吃了燒酒雞，就不能開車了。
Qīngqing: Wǒ bùnéng chī jiāngmǔyā, wǒ duì yā guòmǐn. Kěnéng chī máyóujī ba! Wǒ xǐhuān chī jī, dàn chīle shāojiǔjī, jiù bùnéng kāichē le.
華華：沒錯，「喝酒不開車，開車不喝酒。」含酒精的菜也不行，絕不能酒駕，一定要遵守法律規定。
Huáhua: Méicuò,`Hējiǔ bù kāichē, kāichē bù hējiǔ; Hán jiǔjīng de cài yě bùxíng, juébùnéng jiǔjià, yídìng yào zūnshǒu fǎlǜ guīdìng.
翻譯 Translation
Qingqing: Lidong is almost here, which means the cold season has arrived!
Huahua: However, November in Taiwan is still not very cold; it feels like we’re still experiencing autumn.
Qingqing: On the day of Lidong it is customary to have nourishing food.
Huahua: Haha! So what do you plan to eat? Ginger duck stew, sesame oil chicken soup, wine-cooked chicken soup, mutton hot pot or herbal ribs?
Qingqing: I can’t eat ginger duck stew, because I’m allergic to duck. Maybe I’ll have sesame oil chicken soup. I enjoy eating chicken but can’t drive afterward if I have
wine-cooked chicken soup.
Huahua: That’s right, Don’t drink and drive, and that includes with dishes containing alcohol. We must keep to the letter of the law.
生詞 Vocabulary
1. 立冬 (Lìdōng) Beginning of Winter, one of the traditional Chinese 24 solar terms
2. 進補 (jìnbǔ) dietary supplementation
3. 儀式感 (yíshìgǎn) a sense of ritual
4. 含 (hán) to contain, with
5. 酒精 (jiǔjīng) alcohol
6. 絕不能 (juébùnéng) absolutely cannot
7. 酒駕 (jiǔjià) drunk driving
8. 遵守 (zūnshǒu) to obey, to keep (a rule or law)
教材音檔 Audio Files
國立清華大學華語中心提供
By National Tsing Hua University Chinese Language Center:
Street lights are often taken for granted until a power outage plunges the world into darkness. When that happens, the value of these lighting installations becomes evident as the world turns into a more dangerous place for pedestrians and motorists alike. The Chinese could claim to be the first to have constructed a crude type of street light. Around 500 BC, residents of Beijing employed a type of street lamp that used hollow bamboo pipes and natural gas vents to create burning torches. Later, ancient Romans adopted lamps fueled by vegetable oil, which relied on slaves to light and
A: Who else is on Billboard’s list: “The 25 greatest pop stars of the 21st Century?” B: No. 15 to 6 are: Miley Cyrus, Justin Timberlake, Nicki Minaj, Eminem, Usher, Adele, Ariana Grande, Justin Bieber, Kanye West and Britney Spears. A: I can’t believe that Adele’s only at No. 10. B: No. 5 to 1 are: Lady Gaga, Drake, Rihanna, Taylor Swift and Beyonce. A: Well, they surely deserve the honor. A: 《告示牌》雜誌的「21世紀最偉大的25位流行歌手」，還有誰上榜啊？ B: 第15至6名是：麥莉希拉、大賈斯汀、妮姬米娜、阿姆、亞瑟小子、愛黛兒、亞莉安娜、小賈斯汀、肯伊威斯特、小甜甜布蘭妮。 A: 真不敢相信愛黛兒只排第10名。 B: 第5至1名是：女神卡卡、德瑞克、蕾哈娜、泰勒絲、碧昂絲。 A: 這幾位真是實至名歸！ （By Eddy Chang, Taipei Times／台北時報張聖恩）
Undersea cables are conductors wrapped in insulating materials and laid on the seabed. Their main functions are telecommunications or power transmission. The core of the undersea cables used for Internet signals is optical fiber, using light to transmit Internet signals. Taiwan’s communications are currently handled by 10 domestic undersea cables and 14 international undersea cables. About 99 percent of Taiwan’s Internet bandwidth relies on undersea cables, making them Taiwan’s “digital lifeline.” The demands on the cables’ bandwidth are only set to increase with the development of artificial intelligence (AI), which relies on the data fed into it. Today, data is
Spoiler alert and shift blame 破梗&甩鍋 在新冠疫情期間，無論是因為封城 (lockdown) 還是居家隔離 (self-isolation at home)，人們關在家中使用網路的時間大增。這也讓一些原本只存在於網路論壇的用語廣為普及。我們來談一下破梗 (spoiler alert) 與甩鍋 (shift blame) 這兩個用語。 有位古典文學教授 Joel Christensen 針對領導統御與疫情控制寫了一篇以古喻今、相當深入的文章：“Plagues follow bad leadership in ancient Greek tales”，文中出現一些講法，可用來翻譯上述的流行語： In the 5th century B.C., the playwright Sophocles begins Oedipus Tyrannos with the title character struggling to identify the cause of a plague striking his city, Thebes. (Spoiler alert: It’s his own bad leadership.) (Joel Christensen, “Plagues follow bad leadership in ancient Greek tales,” The Conversation, March 12, 2020) 作者提到 Oedipus（伊底帕斯）想找出瘟疫何以降臨他的城邦的緣由，加了一句：Spoiler alert: It’s his own bad leadership.（破梗：領導無方）。Spoiler alert 就是「破梗」，如果用在有人洩漏電影劇情的情境中，也可以翻作「小心爆雷」或「劇透警告」。疫情之下，在家看影集、電影成了很多人的娛樂，但要小心劇透 (spoilers)，很多 YouTube 上的影評在開頭也都會說 Spoiler alert!，警告還沒看過電影的觀眾小心爆雷、劇透。 至於「甩鍋」，源自大陸網民用語，通常意指某人犯了錯之後想推卸責任、轉移焦點、甚至讓別人背黑鍋的做法。疫情爆發後，相關網路資訊量爆增，許多中國網民也想找人為這場疫情負責，紛紛呼籲地方政府首長、地方黨書記不要「甩鍋」。 其實，在古代文學《奧德賽》中，就有「將自己的責任怪罪眾神」的說法，試用時下流行的「甩鍋」來重新翻譯： Humans are always blaming the gods for their suffering, but they experience
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