NFT是繼區塊鏈(block chain)與加密貨幣(crypto currency)後的熱門話題,究竟什麼是NFT?想要和外國人聊這個話題時又需要知道哪些關鍵字呢?我們一起來看看。
什麼是NFT?
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NFT的全名是Non-fungible token,中文翻譯為「非同質化代幣」。fungible來自於經濟學中的fungibility(替代性),意思是「貨品或是人物具有可以直接與對方交換的特質。」簡單來說,NFT是將數位作品賦予獨一無二的代碼,因此當收藏家購買作品時,連同將代碼一起買下,所以即便買家擁有同樣的作品,例如圖片、影像等,也會因為代碼的不同,而被識別為不同作品。由於每個作品都擁有如同身分證明的代碼,便有了可被收藏、交易的價值。
目前NFT最多應用在圖片上,但也有聲音、影片、以及其他形式的創意作品。不過因為其獨特、無法交換的特性,目前NFT也已經開始作為其他物品產權的交換註記了。
In the beginning of 2022, the property right of a Florida house is minted into an NFT.
(在2022年初,佛羅里達州一間房子的產權被做成了NFT。)
token 代幣
token在生活中經常使用到,只要是描述所有實體的「代幣」,皆是用token,例停車場的代幣就是parking ticket token。而在職場與多益測驗中,token不是單純解釋為「代幣」,而是代表「表徵」,最常見的用法有token of appreciation/gratitude/good will/love。
Please accept this humble gift as a token of my appreciation.
(請收下這個小禮物,以表示我的感激之情。)
The action can be seen as a token of good will from the newly elected government.
(此舉可被視為新當選政府的善意表徵。)
這些NFT超紅
在台灣,與NFT相關的話題大多圍繞在哪些名人出了NFT,例如周杰倫發行的Phanta Bear NFT,或是知名足球選手梅西(Lionel Messi)與NBA球星柯瑞(Stephen Curry)發行自己的NFT。這類名人所發行的的NFT被統稱為celebrity NFTs。
「有名」的說法很多,例如來自於fame「名聲」的famous、來自於note「注意」的noted與notable,以及與celebrity「名人」相對應的celebrated、以及從know延伸而來的well-known與renowned。
The school is notable for its basketball team.
(這所學校以其籃球隊而聞名。)
Jerry is a celebrated professor.
(傑瑞是位聲名遠揚的教授。)
NFT 七個行話
1. 打招呼:
在NFT社群中,彼此打招呼會用GM或是GN表示Good morning或Good night。並以Ser表示Sir、Mam代表Madam,或用Fren表示friend。
2. FOMO(Fear of missing out):
許多人會買NFT的原因就是深怕錯過這波掏金潮,因此這樣的人也被稱做FOMOer。
3. OpenSea:
公海是一個網站(opensea.io)可以想成NFT的公開交易市場,所有NFT的持有者都可以在上面售賣NFT。但是因為是公開場域且幾乎沒有限制,所以在詐騙行為已層出不窮的NFT市場中,公海的交易更加需要謹慎小心。
4. delist:
字首「de-」是「去除」的意思,list是「名單」。因此delist就是代表將NFT從公海中「下架」。
5. rug pull:
rug是「小地毯」的意思,因此把小地毯拉起來的動作可以解釋為「捲舖蓋、跑路」。NFT世界中最常見的詐騙行為就是在開始販售之後捲款潛逃,就像是商販直接捲舖蓋跑路一般。
6. mint/burn:
NFT因為是token,所以使用了原本貨幣界的術語。mint當食物的時候指的是「薄荷」,但是在貨幣界中的意思是「鑄幣」,代表打造出一個NFT。burn則與mint相反,任何對原本NFT失去控制權的行為都可以用burn稱之。
7. floor price:
floor是「地板」的意思,因此「地板價」指的就是一個NFT的「最低價位」。
NFT近期也浮現出許多有關著作權問題,雖然任何人都能發行NFT,但目前沒有方法可以確認著作權是否屬於發行NFT的人,因此產生不少產權爭議。但即便如此,這個市場依然在去年讓許多投資者賺飽荷包。在可見的未來中,或許會有更多的科技創新與金融投資機會,而對於勇氣與眼光兼具的投資者而言,將成為一個獲利的市場。
【多益模擬試題】
1. The Ganges Restaurant is notable _____ its Indian cuisines.
(A) over (B) at (C) on (D) for
2. He was afraid of _____ fired after making that expensive mistake.
(A) be (B) was (C) being (D) to be
【解析】
1. 正解為(D)。句意為「恆河餐廳以其印度佳餚聞名。」notable不論是解釋為知名或是惡名昭彰的形容詞,後方接的都是「成因」,因此會使用介系詞for來表示。故(D)為正確答案。
2. 正解為(C)。句意為「他在犯了那個昂貴的錯誤之後很怕被開除。」of後方要加上名詞,所以動詞需要以動名詞(Ving)的形態出現。故(C)為正確答案。
SOURCE: https://www.englishok.com.tw/toeic/toeic-issue/nft
文章由 English OK 授權使用: www.englishok.com.tw
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