隨著新冠肺炎疫情趨緩，世界各國開始逐步解封或鬆綁防疫限制，台灣也將在11月7日實施四大鬆綁措施，盼能讓人民生活儘快回到正軌、恢復經濟。就讓我們透過各國解封的話題，學習相關的多益單字吧！
lift、reopen 解除（封鎖）
More and more countries are gradually lifting lockdowns
Photo: Pixabay 圖片來源:Pixabay
（越來越多國家正逐步解封中。）
lift在此為動詞，也可做名詞使用，較常見的字義為「抬起；舉高」，不過也有「解除」之意，通常後面可接lift a ban（解除禁令）、lift some restrictions（解除限制）等名詞。
「解封」的英文也可使用reopen，為「重新開啟」之意，名詞為reopening。除了禁令與限制的解除外，限制的「鬆綁」也有許多動詞可用，如to loosen/ease/relax the lockdown restrictions（放寬限制）。
The prime minister has unveiled the three-step plan to ease coronavirus restrictions.
（總理公布了三階段解封計畫，以鬆綁新冠肺炎的防疫限制。）
另外，lift 當名詞用時也有幾個生活化的字義，在英國lift有「電梯」的意思，也就是美國用的elevator一字，還有另一個實用的口語字義就是「搭便車」。
I’m also going to the train station. Do you need a lift?
（我正好也要去火車站，你需要搭便車嗎？）
compulsory 強制的
The governments of Germany and Spain have made mask-wearing compulsory on public transport.
（德國和西班牙政府皆強制規定搭乘大眾交通運輸時須配戴口罩。）
此處的compulsory為形容詞，意思是「強制的；必須做的；義務的」，如義務教育compulsory education、必修課程compulsory course。
Statistics is not a compulsory subject in the Foreign Language Department.
（統計學並不是外文系的必修課。）
mandatory、obligatory 必須的
其他多益常考的同義字還有mandatory與obligatory，雖然這三個字意思都是「必須的」，但在使用情境上仍有些微差別。mandatory較偏向「強制的；強迫的」，特別是指法律規定的命令或限制，與compulsory的互通性較高，而obligatory意思則較偏向於「義務的」，特別是指符合道德、社會規範或法律而必須做的事，不僅限於法律規定。
1.可通用的情況：必要的；強制的
A health examination is obligatory/mandatory/compulsory before employees start working.
（員工開始工作前必須先經過健康檢查。）
Since 2019, wearing a helmet on all motorized vehicles including electric scooters is obligatory/mandatory/compulsory in California.
（自2019年起，在加州騎乘所有機動車輛，包含電動車，皆必須戴安全帽。）
2.不可通用的情況：義務的；道義的
When Mr McAllen lost South Carolina, he at first refused to make the obligatory congratulatory call to Ms Anderson.
（當麥克艾倫先生輸掉南卡羅來納州的選舉時，起初還拒絕撥一通道義上的恭賀電話給安德森小姐。）
resurgence 再現；復甦
Shanghai Disney Resort shuts down due to the COVID resurgence.
（上海迪士尼度假區因為新冠疫情再起而關閉。）
resurgence為名詞，動詞為resurge，字首「re-」有「重新、再次」之意，而surge本身就是「激增；蜂擁」的意思，「-ence」則為名詞結尾。
同樣可用來描述疫情復發、再現的還有reemergence，為「再度出現」。另外還可用spike來描述病例的「激增；上漲」，spike一字原為「尖狀物；釘子」，像是龐克風的衣著常有的鉚釘就可稱為spike；用在描述數據圖表時，spike可用來表示上升的曲線，也就是「激增」的意思。
The Department of Health warned that flu cases have spiked across the state.
（衛生部警告，全州流感病例激增。）
【多益模擬試題】
1. The research suggested __________ only 69 percent of employees began the compulsory online courses, and the non-completion rate was as high as 75 percent.
(A) if
(B) that
(C) when
(D) with
2. High-waisted jeans, trendy in the 1980s, are having a __________ in popularity among the youth today.
(A) reverse
(B) disparity
(C) resurgence
(D) confirmation
【解析】
1.正解為(B)。題意為「研究指出僅有69%員工開始必修線上課程，未完成度高達75%」，suggest後的空格應選擇that為引導名詞子句的從屬連接詞，故(B)為正解。
2.正解為(C)。題意為「1980年代流行的高腰牛仔褲，在時下的年輕人中再度流行起來」，選項(A)翻轉、(B)差異、(C)復甦、(D)確認，故僅(C)符合句意為正解。
SOURCE: https://www.englishok.com.tw/toeic/toeic-issue/lift-lockdown
文章由 English OK 授權使用: www.englishok.com.tw
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