自疫情爆發至今已超過兩年,全球逐漸邁向與疫情共存的方式,日本政府也將陸續鬆綁邊境管制,最快有機會六月就開放外國觀光客以團體旅遊方式入境。加上日圓近期狂貶,來到二十年來新低點,專家預估,日本將迎來新一波的旅遊熱潮。今天我們就從國外報導的日圓貶值現象,提前為旅日做好準備吧!
yen weakness 日圓疲軟
Yet economists see building pressure for a shift if persistent yen weakness exacerbates inflation by raising import costs, particularly for energy, and reckon that 125 is a key level.
Photo courtesy of photoAC / 照片:photoAC提供
(然而,若是日圓持續疲軟而提高進口成本,尤其在能源上,將加重通貨膨脹,經濟學家認為政策轉變的壓力很大,並預估貶破125是關鍵點。)
yen weakness是「日圓疲軟,weak (a.)意思是「虛弱的、疲弱的,加上「-ness」名詞字尾,代表「疲軟的概念;加上「-en」動詞變化則有「弱化、削弱」的意思。
The bill would seriously weaken environmental protections.
(這項法案將嚴重削弱對環境的保護。)
exacerbate (v.)「惡化、加劇、加重,英文的定義為to make something that is already bad even worse(使某件已經很糟的事情更糟)。文章中提到通膨(inflation)加劇,將會對經濟造成負面的影響,因此可以看出作者的態度是不樂觀的。
This attack will exacerbate the already tense relations between the two communities.(這次襲擊將令兩個原本已經處於緊張狀態的團體關係更加惡化。)
提高成本raise、rise怎麼用?
raise import cost是「提高進口成本,討論數據「上升、下降時,經常使用raise和rise這兩個動詞,但是特別注意兩者使用方式有所不同。raise是及物動詞(vt),後方必須要接一個受詞(名詞),如raise your hand、raise the eyebrows;然而,rise是不及物動詞(vi),不能直接加上受詞,而是要在中間穿插一個介系詞作為連結功能的用途,如常見的go (to) school、listen (to) music等,因此rise的用法就是inflation rises,常見的the sun rises in the east就是如此。
The government plans to raise taxes.
(政府計畫增稅。)
Inflation is rising by 2.1 percent a month.
(通貨膨脹一個月增長百分之二‧一。)
升值、貶值怎麼說?
Japanese yen depreciation is a big problem for the Japanese economy, because the economy — especially households — is facing rising inflation and yen depreciation could accelerate that. (Reuters)
(日圓貶值對於日本經濟是一大問題,因為經濟,尤其是家庭經濟,正面對高升的通膨,而日圓貶值可能加速這個現象。)
yen depreciation是「日圓貶值的意思,depreciation (n)來自於動詞depreciate,英文解釋為to lose value「失去價值、貶值」,「-ate」是動詞字尾,「-ation則是名詞字尾。
Our car depreciated (by) US$1,500 in the first year we owned it.
(我們買的車在第一年就貶值了一千五百美元。)
depreciate的反義詞是appreciate,英文解釋to increase in value「增值、升值」。除此之外,appreciate在國際職場與多益測驗中,還有「欣賞、感恩」這兩個衍生字義。
The value of our house has appreciated by 50 percent in the last two years.
(過去兩年內我們房子的價格上漲了百分之五十。)
There’s no point buying him expensive wines - he doesn’t appreciate them.
(給他買名貴的酒沒有意義——他不懂品酒。)
rising inflation「通膨上升」,當rise作現在分詞rising時,可當作形容詞使用,因此字面上的意思就是「正在上升的,用來修飾名詞inflation。
accelerate (v.)「加快,字尾「-ate」是動詞用法,而「-ation則是作為名詞變化,「-ator也作為名詞,代表「加速器、油門」的意思。
Inflation is likely to accelerate this year, adding further upward pressure on interest rates.
(今年通貨膨脹可能會加劇,迫使利率持續上升。)
【多益模擬試題】
1. Children who are two years old and younger are ________ free of charge to most concerts and films.
(A) admit
(B) admits
(C) admitted
(D) admitting
2. After discussing the terms of the new health-benefits contract, ________ management and employees were satisfied.
(A) both
(B) also
(C) either
(D) too
3. Although we have ________ not to offer you a position at this time , we will keep your resume on file for future openings.
(A) decided
(B) deciding
(C) decision
(D) decidedly
【解析】
1. 正解為(C)。語意為「任何兩歲及以下的孩童可以免費進入大部分的演唱會和電影。」本題要考的是被動態用法,在英語中,若要進場或是進入一個管控的場所,會用admit代表「允許…進入」的意思。本句主詞children為複數,要使用被動態be+p.p.「被允許進入」,故(C)為正確答案。
2. 正解為(A)。語意為「在討論過新的健保合約條款後,勞資雙方都很滿意。」本句要表達雙方都很滿意,both代表兩個立場,故(A)為正確答案。
3. 正解為(A)。語意為「儘管我們已經決定此時不向您提供職位,但是我們會將履歷入檔做為日後職缺參考。」因為完成式後面的動詞要變化成過去分詞,因此have後方只能接decided,故(A)為正確答案。
Source: https://www.englishok.com.tw/toeic/toeic-issue/yen-depreciation
文章由 English OK 授權使用: www.englishok.com.tw
A: According to Google, the most searched place in Taiwan is the Dongchi branch of 7-Eleven in Changhua County’s Lugang Township. B: I would have thought it would be Taipei 101. A: Taipei 101 is the 17th most searched destination. Other locations in the top 10 include Taitung County’s Dawu Township, Baishatun Gong Tian Temple in Miaoli County and Nantou County’s Wuling mountain range. B: That’s great. I’ve been meaning to travel to Taitung for ages. A: 根據Google,台灣熱搜地點第一名,是位於彰化縣鹿港鎮的7-Eleven 東崎門市。 B: 我還以為會是台北101。 A: 台北101排在第十七名,其它像台東縣大武鄉、苗栗縣白沙屯拱天宮、南投縣武嶺都是前十名的景點。 B: 太棒了,我一直很想去台東玩。 (Translated by Edward Jones, Taipei Times/台北時報張聖恩)
電價費率審議會登場,全台連續四年凍漲的電費,在全球燃料價格攀升和烏俄戰爭等因素影響下,將調整電價方案。然而剛進入炎熱的夏季,又是用電的高峰時期,要如何節能省電呢?本次就讓我們來看既環保又省荷包的小撇步,還能學會超實用英文喔! 1. 在夜晚使用家電 Run appliances that produce heat at night — when it’s cooler. We’re talking appliances like your clothes drier, dishwasher, and oven. (Fox29) (在晚上氣溫較涼爽的時候,使用會產生熱氣的家電用品,例如烘衣機、洗碗機和烤箱。) appliance (n)「電器」是多益測驗的高頻字彙,通常出現在採購、製造、房地產等情境,描述microwave oven「微波爐」、dishwasher「洗碗機」等household appliances 或是 home appliances「家電」,經常搭配動詞install「安裝」。廚房的家電中,較為省電電器應該就是微波爐,或許減少使用瓦斯爐、烤箱對省電將有相當的助益。 According to the advertisement, the apartment is equipped with state-of-the-art appliances.(根據廣告,這間公寓備有最先進的家電。) 2. 拉起窗簾降溫 Simply closing blinds and curtains, which act as a layer of insulation can reduce heat in your home.(拉起窗簾和百葉窗做為絕緣體,可降低家中的熱氣。) insulate (v)「阻隔;隔離」通常用來描述隔絕噪音或氣溫,例如冬天時適當的insulate「隔絕」冷空氣,可以避免家中溫度太低。許多冬天穿的厚外套經常會有insulation「防風層」可以阻擋冷空氣,達到保暖的效果。 You can bring down the energy use and cost if you properly insulate your home. (房子適當的隔熱可以降低能源使用和費用。) 3. 自動調溫器 Programmable thermostats can be set, so that your air conditioner run less when you’re sleeping or when you’re at work. (設定自動調溫器,讓你在睡覺或工作時使用少一點的冷氣。) programmable「可編程的」來自program一詞,當動詞時解釋為「設定;編寫程式」,當名詞時則有許多不同的意思,例如「程式」、「節目、節目單」或「計畫、方案」,因此程式編寫可以用programming,「程式設計師」就是programmer,但是要注意的是programmer 發音時的重音是在第一音節,不要念錯。 The information regarding the newly launched recycling program is
A: Are there any other “hot” search locations? B: Various train stations across the nation and places that hit the headlines also made it to the list. A: OK then, let’s begin at the No. 1 place on the list: Lugang Township. B: Lugang Old Street is a great place to explore, and there are lots of delicious things to eat. I’ll book the transportation right away! A: 還有哪些熱搜地點呢? B: 其它像各地的火車站,及重大新聞的發生地點也都榜上有名。 A: 那我們就從榜首鹿港鎮開始吧。 B: 鹿港老街好逛又好吃,我馬上訂車票! (Translated by Edward Jones, Taipei Times/台北時報張聖恩)
The US Supreme Court has ruled there is no constitutional right to abortion in the US, upending the landmark Roe v Wade case from nearly 50 years ago in a rare reversal of long-settled law that will fracture reproductive rights in America. Since the US Supreme Court’s Roe v. Wade decision legalized abortion nationwide in 1973, the issue has become one of the defining fault lines in US politics, with Democratic politicians firmly supporting abortion rights and Republican lawmakers lining up in opposition. In 1973 the lines were more blurred. Republican and Democratic voters were equally likely to say abortion should be