The British Museum is facing legal action from one of the UK’s leading heritage preservation organizations over its refusal to allow the 3D scanning of a piece in its Parthenon sculptures collection.
The Institute for Digital Archaeology (IDA) said it would serve an injunction against the museum imminently, raising the stakes in the dispute between the two.
“We will be filing a complaint by the end of the week requesting the court to order the British Museum to grant our request,” Roger Michel, the IDA’s executive director, told the Guardian. “We want them to treat our application in exactly the same fashion that they would treat similar requests. Their refusal has been capricious and arbitrary.”
Photo: AFP 照片:法新社
The Oxford-based institute had hoped, with the museum’s blessing, to reproduce one of the high relief metopes from the Acropolis temple’s south facade as “proof of concept.” In 2016 it reconstructed Syria’s Palymyra arch of triumph out of Egyptian marble based on photographs following the monument’s destruction by Islamic State.
Advocates believe 3D imaging could be employed to not only create replicas of the classical treasures but help resolve the longstanding row between Athens and London over patrimony of the Parthenon sculptures. Scans would allow a robot sculptor to reproduce the artworks with sub-millimetre accuracy using the same Pentelic marble from which the originals were chiselled, according to the IDA, a supporter of the sculptures’ repatriation to Greece.
The antiquities, regarded as the high point of classical art, have been in the British Museum’s possession since 1816 after their removal from the Parthenon at the behest of Lord Elgin, the British ambassador to the Ottoman empire, which then controlled what is now modern Greece.
Photo: Reuters 照片:路透
Successive Greek governments have argued that the antiquities were illegally hacked from the temple at a time when it was a subject nation without voice or sovereignty. The British Museum says they were legally acquired.
(The Guardian)
大英博物館正面臨一項訴訟,因其拒絕英國一重要遺產保護組織對其館藏帕德嫩神廟雕像系列中之一件作品進行3D掃描。
數位考古研究所(IDA)表示,它將立即請求對博物館之禁令,這讓兩造之爭端加劇。
「本週末之前我們會提出申訴,要求法院命令大英博物館批准我們的請求」,IDA執行董事羅傑‧米歇爾告訴衛報。「我們希望他們用處理類似請求完全相同的方式來處理我們的申請。他們的拒絕是反覆無常和武斷的」。
這家位於牛津的研究所曾希望取得大英博物館的支持,複製雅典衛城神廟南面的一件排檔間飾高浮雕,作為「概念驗證」。敘利亞帕米拉遺跡中的凱旋門被伊斯蘭國摧毀後,IDA在二○一六年依據照片用埃及大理石將其重建。
倡導者認為,3D成像不僅可用來複製經典寶藏,還可以對解決雅典和倫敦之間長期以來對於帕德嫩神廟雕像遺產的爭執有所幫助。支持將雕像送回希臘的IDA表示,掃描將可讓雕刻機器人在與原雕像相同材質的彭特利庫斯山大理石上,以次毫米的精密度複製藝術品。
這些被視為古典藝術最高峰的文物,自一八一六年──當時希臘是由鄂圖曼土耳其帝國所控制──被英國駐鄂圖曼帝國大使埃爾金勳爵命令由帕德嫩神廟拆下後,一直收藏在大英博物館。
歷任希臘政府皆爭辯說,這些文物是趁希臘還是一個沒有發言權或主權的從屬國時,由神廟中非法盜取的。大英博物館則說它們是合法取得的。
(台北時報林俐凱編譯)
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A: Wow, a Taiwanese shooter has recently claimed the World’s No. 1 spot. B: Is it shooter Lee Meng-yuan, who won a bronze in Men’s Skeet Shooting at the 2024 Paris Olympics? A: Yeah, according to the International Shooting Sport Federation’s rankings, Lee has made history by rising to the top. B: That’s so cool. And his bronze was Taiwan’s first Olympic medal for shooting. A: What a sharp shooter. A: 哇,台灣的射擊名將登上世界第一! B: 是不是在2024巴黎奧運射下「男子定向飛靶」銅牌李孟遠? A: 對,根據「國際射擊運動聯盟」(ISSF)的排名,他最近創造歷史登上世界第一。 B: 真厲害,這也是台灣首面奧運射擊獎牌。 A: 他真是「神射手」。 (By Eddy Chang, Taipei Times/台北時報張聖恩)
臨床表現 (clinical picture)、咳嗽有痰 (productive cough) 與不實消息 (misinformation/ disinformation) 有些醫學用語,如:「咳嗽有痰」,中文一目了然,但對應的英文 productive cough,可能就較難從字面理解。澳洲的 myDr.com.au 解釋 productive cough 如下: A productive (wet) cough is when you have a cough that produces mucus(黏液) or phlegm (痰). 因此 productive cough(咳嗽有痰),就是因為它produces phlegm, 有別於沒有痰的 cough(乾咳),productive cough 又稱為 wet cough (濕咳)。 醫學術語「臨床表現」 (clinical picture) 無論中文、英文,一般人都不易了解。其實, 臨床 (clinical)是「實際觀察及治療,有別於理論或實驗」: . . . pertaining to or founded on actual observation and treatment of patients, as distinguished from theoretical or basic sciences. 譬如:解剖學、生理學是基礎醫學 (basic medicine),內科、外科是臨床醫學 (clinical medicine)。所以,臨床表現就是「直接觀察病患呈現的症狀」。 「臨床表現」英文也可說 clinical presentation 或 clinical manifestation。雖然也有人主張 clinical picture, clinical presentation 和 clinical manifestation 不完全相等,不過所有同義詞都會有不完全等義的問題,在此就不細述了。 網路常有「不實消息」俗稱「假消息」 (fake news) 流傳,「假消息」如果是「錯誤訊息」英文叫 misinformation 如果是刻意「扭曲訊息」則是 disinformation。 防疫必備詞彙:新冠常見症狀 發燒 fever 乾咳 cough 肌肉痠痛 myalgia 四肢乏力 fatigue 咳嗽有痰 productive cough A productive