The 2020 Nobel Prize season began on Monday last week as committees in Sweden and Norway name laureates in six prizes.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was jointly awarded to Harvey Alter of the US, Michael Houghton of the UK and Charles Rice of the US for their discovery of the hepatitis C virus. The Nobel committee said the three scientists had “made possible blood tests and new medicines that have saved millions of lives.”
Briton Roger Penrose, Reinhard Genzel of Germany and Andrea Ghez of the US received the Nobel Prize in Physics for their discoveries that have improved our understanding of the universe, including work on black holes.
Photo: AFP 照片：法新社
Frenchwoman Emmanuelle Charpentier and American Jennifer Doudna received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their work on the development of CRISPR-Cas9 genetic scissors, a method for genome editing. This is the first time any Nobel science prize has gone to an all-female team. Charpentier and Doudna were also winners of the 2016 Tang Prize in Biopharmaceutical Science.
The Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to American poet Louise Gluck “for her unmistakable poetic voice that with austere beauty makes individual existence universal.”
The Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to the UN World Food Program for its “key role in multilateral cooperation on making food security an instrument of peace.”
Finally, the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science will be announced today at 17:45 Taiwan time.
(Lin Lee-kai, Taipei Times)
二○二○年諾貝爾獎於上週一起陸續揭曉，共有六個獎項，由瑞典與挪威的諾貝爾獎委員會頒發。
美國的哈維‧阿爾特、英國的麥可‧霍頓及美國的查爾斯‧萊斯，以其對C型肝炎病毒之發現而共同獲得諾貝爾生醫獎。諾貝爾委員會表示，三位科學家「以血液檢測與新藥拯救了數百萬人的生命」。
諾貝爾物理學獎得主為英國的羅傑‧彭羅斯、德國的萊因哈德‧根策爾與美國的安德里婭‧吉茲，因其發現增進了對宇宙的了解，包括對黑洞的研究。
法國的艾曼紐‧夏彭提耶與美國的珍妮佛‧道娜，以其對基因組編輯方法CRISPR-Cas9基因剪刀之開發，而獲得諾貝爾化學獎。這是諾貝爾科學獎項首次頒給皆為女性的組合。夏彭提耶及道娜二○一六年亦曾獲得唐獎生技醫藥獎。
諾貝爾文學獎由美國詩人露易絲‧葛綠珂獲得，「因她無庸置疑的詩意之聲，以樸素的美感讓個人的存在成為普遍的共鳴」。
諾貝爾和平獎頒給了聯合國「世界糧食計畫署」，因該組織「在促進多邊合作上扮演了重要角色，防止世界利用飢餓作為戰爭武器，並促進糧食安全」。
最後揭曉的經濟學獎，將於今日台灣時間十七時四十五分公布得主。
（台北時報林俐凱）
A: While Taylor Swift’s new album conquers the Billboard charts, Billboard Live Taipei is set to open next month. B: Isn’t that a Japanese “live house” of the same name with the magazine? A: Yup, and the live music club’s first Taiwanese branch can accommodate 300 guests. B: Who will be performing at the club’s opening show? A: Japanese singer Mika Nakashima will play four gigs over two nights. Wanna go to the club and watch her perform up-close? A: 天后泰勒絲的新專輯再度征服《告示牌》排行榜，告示牌音樂台北則預計將在下月開幕。 B: 那不是跟《告示牌》同名的日本現場音樂餐廳嗎？ A: 對，這家連鎖餐廳的台灣首店約可容納300名觀眾！ B: 開幕秀的表演者是誰？ A: 是日本歌手中島美嘉，想近距離看她現場演出嗎？ （By Eddy Chang,
In his famous tragic play Romeo and Juliet, the English playwright William Shakespeare wrote, “What’s in a name?” As it turns out, there is quite a lot in a name, particularly a surname, which is commonly known as a person’s last name in Western societies. A surname is written after the first name, which is also referred to as a given name or, traditionally, a Christian name. A closer look at the history of surnames reveals some fascinating insights into their origins. It may come as a surprise to some that up until about 1,000 years ago, surnames were
Returning to the White House with unprecedented economic weaponry, US President Donald Trump has launched a comprehensive tariff offensive that has sent shockwaves through international markets. On April 2, Trump announced his “reciprocal tariff” strategy, aimed at punishing trading partners who sell more to the US than they buy in return. Central to his policy is the disputed view that such trade deficits harm the US economy. While Trump later suspended most of the tariffs to allow time for negotiations, some still went into effect, and the others remain a looming economic threat. Tariffs, essentially taxes imposed on imported goods, raise
A: US singer Taylor Swift finally released her 12th album, titled “The Life of a Showgirl,” on Oct. 3. B: The pop diva’s dominating the Billboard charts once again. A: Earlier this year, she also successfully bought back the master recordings to her first six albums. B: And the good news keeps coming, as she and NFL superstar Travis Kelce announced their engagement not long ago. A: Wow! It must be her lucky year. A: 美國歌手泰勒絲10月3日終於推出第12張專輯︰《The Life of a Showgirl》。 B: 流行天后又再次稱霸《告示牌》排行榜。 A: 今年稍早時，她還成功買回了她自己前6張專輯的錄音母帶。 B: 而喜事連連，她和美式足球巨星凱爾西近日宣布他們訂婚了。 A: 哇今年真是她的幸運年！ （By Eddy Chang, Taipei Times／台北時報張迪）
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