The head of the Vuluvu clan, members of the Paiwan aboriginal tribe in Daren Township, Taitung County, still has a certificate and a medal that were awarded to an ancestor during the Japanese colonial era. The biya medal was handed out to the head of the tribe. Clan chief Chen Fu-hsing said the artifacts were originally given out by the Taiwan Governor-General’s Office via the Taitung County Office in 1934, the eighth year of the Showa period. This is evidence of the Japanese government’s policy of “using natives to govern natives” in order to control the aboriginal population.
Chen says that a biya is a tribesman of high social status who has the authority to decide every detail of the tribe’s activities, but because the tribes were scattered over the hills and valleys they were hard to control. The Japanese therefore came up with the idea of letting natives govern natives, bestowing the imperial medal on one chief and identifying him as the person of authority.
Chen said that with the passage of time, only the Vuluvu clan still retains its imperial medal and certificate. Due to financial hardships, other clans have already sold their artifacts to private museums. Chen said a few years ago he was offered a good price to sell his but he turned it down, believing that the heirlooms have historical importance.
Photo: Chen Hsien-i
照片: 陳賢義
Chen said that the Paiwan tribe is matriarchal and the majority of chiefs are women, but his grandfather inherited the title of chief, which was then passed down to his father and eventually to him.
While the biya certificate and medal have become valued heirlooms in Chen’s family, others in the Paiwan tribe view them very differently. While they agree the artifacts have historical significance, they see them as tools that destroyed the traditional order of tribal life and eroded the bonds that held the community together.
(LIBERTY TIMES, TRANSLATED BY TAIJING WU)
台東縣達仁鄉排灣部落的「Vuluvu」家族頭目,至今仍保留祖傳日治時代頒贈「比亞(頭目)」章與獎狀。頭目陳富興說,這些文物是在昭和八年由台灣總督府轉由台東廳頒發,見證當時日本政府採「以番治番」控管原民族群的史實。
陳富興說,「比亞」在原民部落居崇高地位,凡部落大小事物都需經其發落、決定,但因各聚落散置管轄不易,日本政府遂採「以番治番」制度作為控管手段,並將管理權責下放各部落頭目,及頒贈頭目章和獎狀,做為一種身分象徵。
陳富興說,遷徙加上年代久遠,至今部落中仍保有頭目章與獎狀,僅剩他們「VULUVU」家族,還有家族因生活困苦轉賣給私人博物館蒐藏。多年前就有人向他出價收購,但他認為這些文物有歷史意涵,台大一名教授也曾告訴他這是「無價之寶」,因而予以婉拒。
陳富興說,排灣族為母系社會,大部分頭目都為女性,但其家族頭目卻是祖父繼承,後來再世襲傳給父親與他。
「比亞(頭目)」章與獎狀成了陳家的傳家之寶,但也有部分排灣族人不予苟同,反而認為這些文物雖然有其歷史意義,但對於原住民族群而言,卻是一種破壞部落倫常、離間族人情感的工具。(自由時報記者陳賢義)
A: Yet another shopping mall has just opened in Taipei. B: Do you mean the Mitsui Shopping Park LaLaport Nangang? A: Yeah, the shopping mall run by Japanese Mitsui & Co. opened last week. B: I hear the mall features about 300 stores, Vieshow Cinemas and Japanese Lopia supermarket. A: With the opening, a war is breaking out between Taipei’s department stores. A: 台北又有新的購物商場可逛啦。 B: 你是說Mitsui Shopping Park LaLaport 南港? A: 對啊這家日本三井集團旗下的商場上週開幕。 B: 聽說商場有威秀影城、樂比亞日系超市,還有多達300家專櫃。 A: 新商場一開幕,看來又要掀起一場百貨大戰啦! (By Eddy Chang, Taipei Times/台北時報張迪)
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When it comes to movies, some people delight in watching spine-chilling horror films. Surprisingly, apart from containing a few scares, horror movies may also offer an unexpected __1__. According to a study, watching 90 minutes of a scary movie can burn an average of 113 calories, which is roughly __2__ to taking a 30-minute walk. Researchers from the University of Westminster carried out an experiment in which they __3__ participants’ oxygen intake, carbon dioxide output, and heart rates while they were watching horror movies without any distractions. The results revealed that physiological responses to fear play a crucial role
Dos & Don’ts — 想想看,這句話英語該怎麼說? 1. 你覺得這部電影怎樣? ˇ What do you think of the movie? χ How do you like the movie? χ How do you think of the movie? 註︰What do you think of = What is your opinion of。 think 的受詞是 what,不能用 how。 2. 你認為哪一個歌星唱得最好? ˇ Which singer do you think is the best? χ Do you think which singer is the best? 註︰英語中 which singer 似乎是 do you think 的受詞,實則 do you think 是插入語,其他例子如下: 你以為他喜歡誰? Who do you think he likes? 你以為我住在哪裏? Where do you think I live? 你想我昨天在公園裏碰到了誰? Whom/Who do you think I met in the park yesterday? 3. 他不論到什麼地方,總是帶著一把雨傘。 ˇ No matter where he goes, he