Venezuela is launching a new currency with the new year, lopping off three zeros from denominations in a bid to simplify finances and boost confidence in cash that has been losing value due to high inflation.
President Hugo Chavez's government says the new currency -- dubbed the "strong bolivar" -- will make daily transactions easier and cure some accounting headaches. Officials also say it is part of a broader effort to contain rising prices and strengthen the economy.
"We're ending a historical cycle of ... instability in prices," Finance Minister Rodrigo Cabezas said on Monday. He also said that the change aims to "recover a bolivar that has significant buying capacity."
Prices have risen as Chavez has pumped increased amounts of the country's oil income into social programs, reinforcing his support among the poor and helping to drive 8.4 percent economic growth last year.
The Central Bank is promoting the new monetary unit with an ad campaign and the slogan: "A strong economy, a strong bolivar, a strong country." Officials, however, have yet to clearly spell out their anti-inflationary measures.
Some Venezuelan critics, meanwhile, have dubbed the new currency the "weak bolivar," noting its predecessor, the bolivar, has seen its purchasing power suffer in an economy where inflation ran roughly 20 percent last year -- the highest in Latin America.
Venezuelan economist and pollster Luis Vicente Leon said that while the new currency may provide "the perception of stability" for some, it is largely a "cosmetic change."
Government officials say the change is overdue to bring Venezuelan denominations into line with those of other countries in the region. Instead of denominations in the thousands, the largest new Venezuelan note will be 100 strong bolivars.
"It was necessary to leave behind the consequences of a history of high inflation," Central Bank president Gaston Parra said in a televised year-end speech. He said officials aim "to reinforce confidence in the monetary symbol."
The new money was distributed to banks and automated teller machines ahead of yesterday's launch and will be phased in during the next six months. Venezuelans will be able to use both old and new bolivars during the transition.
Venezuela has had a fixed exchange rate since February 2003, when Chavez imposed currency and price controls. The government has said it is not considering a devaluation any time soon.
But while the strong bolivar's official exchange rate will be fixed as 2.15 to US$1, the black market rate has hovered around the equivalent of 5.60 to US$1.
Venezuela's currency has long been named after independence hero Simon Bolivar, pictured on the new 100 "strong bolivar" bill.
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